The hottest energy revolution low carbon first

Before New Year's day, the national development and Reform Commission and the Energy Administration issued the 13th five year plan for energy development. Recently, 14 special plans for power and renewable energy have also been released. On January 5, the National Energy Administration held a press conference to interpret these plans. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, how will the energy revolution be carried out and how will the transformation and upgrading be achieved

energy consumption should be controlled by both the total amount and intensity, and the energy consumption per unit of GDP should be reduced by more than 15%

implementing the dual control of the total amount and intensity of energy consumption is not only the general plan put forward by the 18th CPC National Congress, but also the key task of promoting the construction of ecological civilization

according to the plan, by 2020, China's total energy consumption will be controlled within 5 billion tons of standard coal. Li Yangzhe, deputy director of the national energy administration, told that the total energy consumption in the "13th five year plan" increased by about 2.5% annually, 1.1 percentage points lower than that in the "12th Five Year Plan", which is in line with the new trend of energy consumption changes under the new normal

from the perspective of energy consumption intensity, during the "13th five year plan" period, the energy consumption per unit of GDP will decrease by more than 15%, and the carbon emission per unit of GDP will decrease by 18%. In 2020, China's per capita energy consumption will reach about 3.5 tons of standard coal, about 1/3 of the United States and 2/3 of Japan, and the gap is gradually narrowing; The per capita electricity consumption will reach 5000 kwh, basically reaching 70% - 80% of the average level of developed countries in Europe and the United States

from the consumption side, during the "13th five year plan" period, China will also adhere to the priority of saving, strive to promote the reduction and substitution of oil consumption in relevant fields, focus on improving the fuel economy standard of vehicles, vigorously promote new energy vehicles, and vigorously promote the "electricity instead of oil" and "gas instead of oil" in ports, airports and other transportation

from the supply side, China will improve its ability to ensure energy security strategy during the 13th Five Year Plan period. On the one hand, we should increase the supply guarantee capacity of fossil energy such as oil and gas, such as increasing the exploration and development efforts in Xinjiang, Ordos Basin and other regions, and strengthening the development of unconventional and offshore oil and gas resources. On the other hand, we should also seize the opportunity of loose supply and demand in the current international market, make full use of international energy resources, and achieve energy security under open conditions

clean and low-carbon energy will be the main increment, and the layout of wind power and photovoltaic will be transferred to the East and middle.

optimizing the energy structure and realizing clean and low-carbon development are the essential requirements of promoting the energy revolution. According to the plan, during the 13th Five Year Plan period, the proportion of non fossil energy consumption will be increased to more than 15%, the proportion of natural gas consumption will strive to reach 10%, and the proportion of coal consumption will be reduced to less than 58%

by 2020, the installed capacity of hydropower will reach 380million kW, the installed capacity of wind power will reach more than 210million kW, the installed capacity of solar power will reach more than 110million kW, the installed capacity of biomass power generation will reach 15million kW, and the total utilization of geothermal heating will reach 42million tons of standard coal. By then, the annual utilization of commercial renewable energy in China will reach 580 million tons of standard coal. "By calculation, the consumption increment of non fossil energy and natural gas is more than three times that of coal, accounting for more than 68% of the total increment of energy consumption." Li Yangzhe analyzed

energy consumption, one ebb and flow. While the proportion of non fossil energy increases, the proportion of coal consumption will drop from 64% in 2015 to 58% in 2020. "The range of change is still large and feasible." Heyongjian, deputy director of the development planning department of the national energy administration, analyzed that at present, China has adopted a number of policies such as reducing coal consumption, replacing coal with gas, and replacing coal with electricity, breaking through the technical and market barriers of materials and devices, providing a good policy environment for significantly reducing coal consumption. "During the 13th Five Year Plan period, the growth space of coal is about 100 million tons of standard coal, basically maintaining the current consumption level, which is in line with China's specific national conditions and development stage."

from the perspective of energy development layout, China has formed the energy pattern and flow direction of West to East power transmission, West to East Gas Transmission and north to South Coal Transportation for a long time. "After the economy enters the new normal, the market space of major energy consumption regions shrinks, the enthusiasm for receiving energy outside the region generally decreases, and the interest contradiction between energy sending and receiving regions intensifies." Li Yangzhe said that in response to these changes, the plan has made overall arrangements for major energy projects and energy channels

the most significant adjustment is that the layout of wind power and photovoltaic will be transferred to the East and middle. He Yongjian believes that there are three advantages in shifting the layout of wind power development from the "Three North" to the East and central regions, which is conducive to reducing large-scale long-distance power transmission; It is conducive to promoting local consumption; The price difference between thermal power and wind power in the eastern and central regions is smaller, and the same subsidy can support the development of more new energy

the problem of abandoning wind and light should be effectively solved, and the difficult implementation of steel and coal capacity reduction should be solved. The subsidy dependence should be eliminated as soon as possible.

renewable energy is the main force of China's non fossil energy, and it is also an important support for China's future energy transformation. After years of development and utilization of energizer, renewable energy has made many achievements, but the problems and challenges are also increasingly prominent

in recent years, there have been problems of wind and light abandonment in many places. "We should solve this problem through the overall optimization of the energy system." He Yongjian analyzed that in addition to transferring the layout, there are also many measures to be taken at the same time: enhance the peak shaving capacity of the power system and improve the renewable energy consumption capacity; Let the market realize peak shifting and peak shaving and optimize the layout by scientific price mechanism and peak shaving compensation mechanism; Implement the multi energy complementary integration and optimization project, integrate different energy varieties, and realize cascade utilization

how to improve the market competitiveness of renewable energy and get rid of its dependence on policy subsidies? "In recent years, the cost of renewable energy in China has decreased significantly, but globally, renewable energy cannot be completely subsidized in the short term." Li Yangzhe said that recently, the bidding prices of wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects in some countries have been lower than the local fossil energy power generation prices, showing a certain degree of market competitiveness

in view of this, the plan puts forward the goal of "by 2020, the electricity price of wind power projects can compete with the local coal-fired power generation platform, and the electricity price of photovoltaic projects can be equivalent to the electricity sales price". Li Yangzhe said that this is also a signal to the industry, "we must accelerate the pace of cost reduction and get rid of the industry's dependence on subsidies as soon as possible. It is expected that by 2020, if the consumption problem can be effectively solved, the goals of wind power and photovoltaic parity can be achieved."

in addition, among a series of plans, the development plan of geothermal energy is prepared for the first time. Liangzhipeng, deputy director of the new energy department of the national energy administration, said that at present, the amount of geothermal heating in China is only 500million square meters, and will increase to 1.6 billion square meters by 2020. "Especially in Beijing Tianjin Hebei and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where environmental requirements are relatively high and pollution is currently relatively serious, geothermal heating will play a great role, so we can calculate the value of work consumed in the impact sample according to the above formula."