A grand view of new technology of the hottest auto

In recent years, domestic and foreign researchers and automobile manufacturers have innovated and improved the traditional optical rearview mirrors from different angles through various ways and methods, and produced many new technologies. Among these new technologies, there are not only local and unilateral changes, but also all-round and fundamental transformations (adopting new working principles): there are both functional innovations and designs to meet personalized or aesthetic requirements. Some of them have formed products and put them on the market, while others are still in the stage of scheme design or experiment

1. New technology to strengthen the rear-view function

(1) mirror new technology

mirror is the core part of the optical reflective automobile rear-view device, and the mirror is its key part. In order to improve the safety factor when overtaking, merging, turning, reversing or driving at high speed, reduce the fatigue of drivers, and adapt to different working environments, it should at least meet the following requirements to correctly and vividly reflect the object image, No deformation or small deformation; Sufficient rear-view field of vision, and the rear-view range should be as large as possible, and it is best to eliminate the blind area; It can work normally in rain, fog, cold and other special weather. At present, most of the new technologies are put forward around these aspects

a. change the shape and increase the area

increasing the area is the first reflection of automobile manufacturers to solve the rear-view blind area, but the mirror is large and the frame is large, which will cause the problem of overall disharmony and may also bring inconvenience to the vision. In order to solve these contradictions, designers comprehensively consider the shape, area, installation position, vehicle style, owner's hobbies and other aspects of the mirror. At present, many cars, especially large cars, use arm shaped large-area rear-view mirrors, also known as "rabbit ear rear-view mirrors", which are also installed in a different position from other vehicles, usually in the front of the vehicle

b. change the curvature of the mirror

plane mirror and spherical mirror are two series of traditional mirrors. They have their own advantages, but they all have obvious functional defects

plane mirror: the advantage is that the rear-view object has no distortion, which can truly reflect the real shape and actual distance of the object behind the car, and give the driver more accurate judgment information. The disadvantage is that the rear-view range is small, resulting in too many visual blind spots

spherical mirror: it is characterized by the reduction of rear-view objects, the expansion of rear-view range and angle of view, which can not truly reflect the size and actual distance of objects behind the car. The driver needs to go through a period of adaptation and comparison

for the above two kinds of mirrors, people have developed some new technologies and products by changing the curvature of the mirror

hyperbolic mirror: hyperbolic mirror is a relatively novel mirror at present. It makes up for the deficiency that the back view range of the plane mirror is too small and the spherical mirror reflects the unreal objects behind. Its spherical part has a large radius of curvature, which is generally about SR2000, basically solving the problem of distortion

variable curvature mirror: it uses optical principles and data methods to select different curvature radii for different visual field angles of the front, rear, left and right of the vehicle according to the vehicle model, the relative position of the driver's eye point and the rearview mirror, and the visual field requirements. In this way, it can further expand the visual field and reduce the blind area under the condition of basically undistorted, which not only meets the national mandatory standards, but also solves the problem of blind area. In addition, the dividing line method is used in the design of the mirror to warn the driver that the variable curvature surface is only for observing the general situation behind the car. It is an innovative progress in the design of rear-view safety, but the manufacturing process is more complex and the manufacturing cost is expensive

panoramic rearview mirror: Europe and Japan have adopted a panoramic rearview mirror to eliminate the driver's blind spot. This kind of rearview mirror uses a flat mirror for the middle 2/3 area and a convex mirror with a large arc for the outer 1/3 area, so that the driver can see a panoramic view behind the car, eliminate the blind spot when turning, and expand the field of vision by 200%. In order to reduce blind spots, Sweden adopted exterior rear-view mirrors with convex glass more than 10 years ago. This kind of rearview mirror has distortion when looking at distant objects, but because it helps to eliminate blind spots, it has been used in many parts of the world

(2) new surface treatment technology

a. coating technology

there are four kinds of coatings on the mirror surface of rear-view mirror: silver plating, aluminum plating, inscription plating and TiO2 coating (commonly known as "blue mirror"). Silver plated and aluminum plated mirrors have high reflectivity. Although they can be seen clearly, long-term observation of the mirror is easy to cause fatigue to the eyes, and the corrosion resistance is poor, prone to oxidation, and the cost is low. The reflectivity of chrome plated mirror is more suitable for eye irritation, with good corrosion resistance. At present, most rearview mirrors use this kind of coating. TiO2 coated mirror has the function of anti glare to reduce eye fatigue. At present, the rearview mirror of medium and high-end cars is also widely used, but the processing technology is relatively complex, and the stability of color difference is difficult to control

b. electrochemical rearview mirror

this kind of rearview mirror contains a kind of adhesive. When a small charge is applied, the adhesive will darken. When the photosensitive sensor senses a dazzling light, the charge will be excited, and the rearview mirror will not dazzle. In 1998, 7million electrochemical rear-view mirrors were shared worldwide

c. protective film and protective fluid

this is an automotive auxiliary product developed to solve the problem of rain, fog and dust prevention of the rearview mirror of the vehicle in use. Some can also prevent the reflection of sunlight and the stimulation of night lights. It has been widely used abroad, and there are many kinds of products. It has not been popularized in China, and mature products are rare. The basic mechanism of protective film and protective fluid is that it has or can form a hydrophilic surface layer, so that rainwater can not form water droplets, and light has no irregular reflection. Anti glare is because some protective films are blue. At the same time, it should be noted that there are many restrictions on the use conditions of these auxiliary supplies, and their service life (cycle) is not long

2. New technology in convenient operation

(1) electric rearview mirror and memory storage electric rearview mirror

when the driver observes the side and rear of the vehicle through the rearview mirror before or during driving, he sometimes needs to adjust the mirror to obtain the best vision. For the fixed rearview mirror with fixed mirror and frame, when adjusting the angle of view, the operator directly adjusts the frame by hand, and the connection between the frame and the bracket is adjustable. This adjustment method is time-consuming and laborious, and it is difficult to conveniently adjust the angle of view at one time. The driver needs to extend his hand out of the window to adjust, which is very inconvenient in driving, rainy days and other situations. For the mirror with direct adjustment mirror, when the driver adjusts the mirror, press and hold the mirror with his hand to directly adjust the angle of view. Similar to the fixed rearview mirror, the convenience lies in that there is no need to stir up the whole rearview mirror frame, and it will not damage the beauty of the whole vehicle, but it is still inconvenient. Operate the rotating part of the cable in the car to adjust the rearview mirror of the mirror, and the driver adjusts the angle of view of the mirror through the cable on the rotating part of the rearview mirror in the car. It is safe and convenient to adjust when driving or in rainy days, but the degree of automation is not high

the electric rear-view mirror is an adjusting device commonly used in high-end cars at present. The driver uses the button to control the rotating parts in the car to adjust the mirror to achieve the required angle of view. This operation is easy, fast, convenient and correct. It also solves the problem of inconvenient operation caused by the driver being away from the button when adjusting the right exterior rear-view mirror

after continuous improvement, the possible looseness and electromagnetic interference problems on the electric rearview mirror have been basically solved. And further developed into memory storage rearview mirror. The mirror adjustment design of this kind of rearview mirror forms a system with the driver's seat, steering wheel and endoscope. Each driver can adjust the best angle of view of the rearview mirror according to his height and driving habits, and the seat and steering wheel are the best comfort, and then memory storage. After someone else drives the vehicle or is adjusted by others' perspective of memory, the owner can easily turn on his memory storage, and all internal facilities will return to the best set state. At present, many cars are equipped with this kind of rearview mirror

(2) heating and defrosting of the rearview mirror

when the driver is driving in fog or rain, the fog, winter frost or rain invasion of the rearview mirror mirror caused by fog will cause the driver's vision behind the opposite side to be unclear, affecting driving safety. The driver needs to stretch out of the window to clean the mirror surface, which is extremely inconvenient. 4. Turning on the power supply is also a temporary measure, and fog and rain will immediately make it blurred. Therefore, in order to complete the function, drive safely and operate conveniently, the heating defrosting device is designed. When the above situation occurs, the driver can easily turn on the heating defrosting button to relieve unnecessary worries

3. New technology to improve self safety, durability and prolong the service life of the device

(1) anti splash of mirror

as a safety part of the car body, the national mandatory standard clearly stipulates that when the mirror is strongly impacted, the mirror surface of the mirror shall not be broken and splashed to hurt people. In order to prevent the splashing of the mirror, the design measures include: the use of safety glass: the glass components are firmly connected with the whole device as much as possible

(2) folding function

some accidents will inevitably occur during the driving process of vehicles, such as inadvertent accidental collisions between vehicles, vehicles and buildings, vehicles and pedestrians. As the widest part installed on the vehicle, the rearview mirror is most vulnerable to impact in the case of friction. In order to avoid scratches and reduce the parking space, researchers came up with a way to fold the mirror frame. In the design, the rearview mirror has a folding function by changing the connection mode or adding a folding mechanism. When folding is needed, there are two methods, usually stretching out the window by hand or folding the frame outside the car, but it is not inconvenient enough; At present, many of them are electric, and the driver can easily adjust them in the car, which solves many operational convenience

(3) material and coating requirements

because the rearview mirror is installed outside the car, it is exposed to the sun and rain for a long time, the weather conditions are bad, and the car will suffer bumps and impacts during driving, so the material selection of the rearview mirror now takes into account the requirements of temperature, humidity, strength and impact, bending performance, etc., and also requires that the material is not easy to aging, corrosion resistance, good injection molding performance and paint parking performance, etc

coating also affects the durability of products, and relevant technologies have been discussed above

4. New technology to meet the aesthetic coordination

(1) pay attention to the overall style design of rear-view mirrors

modern cars, especially high-end cars, pay great attention to the overall style design of rear-view mirrors in addition to considering the streamline and wind resistance coefficient of rear-view mirrors, which greatly enhances their artistry and attractiveness

(2) reflect the luxurious style through surface coating

the high-quality spraying of rearview mirror components can make the rearview mirror to a higher level; Or make it integrated with the car body, or reflect elegant temperament, or unique

5. New ideas for reversing safety

(1) add optical auxiliary rearview mirror

this is a more popular rearview mirror in the UK. The auxiliary rear-view mirror is installed on the standard rear-view mirror, and the angle can be adjusted relative to the standard rear-view mirror to expand its rear-view range

the auxiliary rearview mirror has a main body part and a rotating part relative to the main body